Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl), also called sal ammoniac, the salt of ammonia and hydrogen chloride.

Ammonium chloride is a colorless crystalline substance. It is highly soluble in water, readily forming a slightly acidic solution. It vaporizes without melting at 340 °C (644 °F) to form equal volumes of ammonia and hydrogen chloride. Ammonium chloride is yielded as a by-product in the ammonia-soda process for making sodium carbonate. It also is produced by reaction of ammonium sulfate and sodium chloride solutions. When mixed with slaked lime (calcium carbonate), ammonia gas is the result.

Applications:

1. Its principal uses are as a nitrogen supply in fertilizers mostly for rice and wheat crops in Asia.
2. An important use of ammonium chloride is as electrolyte in dry cell batteries where it is used because it is an ionic compound.
3. It is also extensively employed as a constituent of galvanizing, tinning, and soldering fluxes to remove oxide coatings from metals and thereby improve the adhesion of the solders.
4.  It is a component of many proprietary cold medicines and cough remedies because of its efficacy as an expectorant, and in veterinary medicine, it is used to prevent urinary stones in goats, cattle, and sheep.
5. It is a feed supplement for cattle and an ingredient in nutritive media for yeasts and many microorganisms.
6. Used as a food additive and yeast nutrient in the making of bread.
7. It is also an ingredient in fireworks, safety matches and contact explosives.

Ammonium chloride can be found in shampoo, hair color and bleach, body wash and cleanser, facial cleanser, conditioner, hand dishwashing detergent, as well as in bath oils and